LOS ANGELES--Urie Bronfenbrenner, co-founder of the federal head start program and its theories in-depth changed the understanding of what children to successful adults, must develop Professor died Sunday after a long illness at his home in IthacaN.Y. He was 88.
Professor of Psychology at Cornell University, Dr. Bronfenbrenner argues that individuals not isolated but within a system of relations develop with the family and society. He called his theory of the ecology of human development.
He believed that keeping the family intact-- in particular to ensure that children regular, sustainable interaction with their parents, not only sporadic "quality time"-was one of the most critical challenges society. " For several decades, he showed a strong voice for programmes and activities against the forces on the family, the breakdown of which he said interest rate decisions easily in alarming rates of pregnancy, drug abuse, violence and other problems.
Its commitment to parent involvement in their child's education led to his appointment in the year 1965 a federal Panel that for head start the Foundation, the school program readiness, which has served 20 million disadvantaged children and families in the last 40 years.
After Melvin L. Kohn, Johns Hopkins University sociologist and former student of Cornell Professor, Dr. Bronfenbrenner's work driven social and behavioural scientist, "realize that relationships, even [at] smallest... Parent-child relationship, in a social vacuum still missing, but were in the larger social structures of the eingebettetGesellschaft community, economy and politics. "
Dr. Bronfenbrenner was born in Moscow, in the United States with his family when he was 6.
He studied psychology and music at Cornell, where he earned a Bachelor's degree. He received a Masters in education from Harvard University and received his doctorate in psychology in developmental at the University of Michigan in the year 1942.
The day after he received his PhD, he joined the army and served as a psychologist during the second WELTKRIEGS. In 1948, he joined the Cornell faculty.
In 1964 he testified at a congressional hearing, urge that President Johnson's war on poverty be extended objective poverty the most vulnerable victims, children. He received an invitation to the White House for tea with Lady Bird Johnson, who wanted to discuss programs to child care, he had studied his remarks.
He was one of the three developmental psychologist on whose work the gap led to the development planning Committee. The other two psychologists were Mamie Clark and Edward Zigler, a Yale child development expert who is often referred to as the "father" of the tab.
Their work laid the Foundation for the landmark program that has parental involvement as a cornerstone.
In later years, Dr. Bronfenbrenner was sharply increasing materialism, which he said parents, more for hours way from home work to do nice things for your children promoted was. He saw it as just one of several social forces, the ultimate reduction of the family and strengthen the alienation of American young people were.
He urged families to interact regularly to time and to learn in activities such as low key as a walk together. Dr. Bronfenbrenner stressed, that the activity of less important as was "What is in between" - a conversation or any other interaction with a caring adult. " He said such interactions were a boost of the healthy psychological development of a child and an essential strategy for combating the deterioration of the family.
He wrote 14 books, including "two worlds of Kindheit"(1970), a comparison of American and Soviet child-rearing.
The father of six children, he conceded that the demands of work and parenthood juggling often challenged him.
At the end of a 1970-White House-Conference on American children, in which he said was the Cornell scholar from Assistant to President Nixon asked to extend his stay by one day. Dr. Bronfenbrenner, wanted to return for a family birthday party but home.
"I said,"I can not","Dr. Bronfenbrenner reminded later many years in an interview." The presidential aide "said stern voice,"You put your own children from the children of this country?" I said: "Yes." "
According to the New York Times, Dr. Bronfenbrenner leaves behind his wife dreiundsechzigsten years of age, Liese; two sons, Michael, the Seal Beach, California, and Steven, from San Anselmo, California. four daughters, Beth target New York City; Mary and Kate, from Ithaca; and Ann Stambler of Newton, Massachusetts; 13 Grandchildren, and great-grandson.
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